Women and Publishing in Early America Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Women and Publishing in Early America - Essay Example It is therefore pleasantly surprised to discover that as far back as 1476, women have made lifelong occupations in journalism and printing, and in various capacities including that of the owner. Mayo (2009) names at least 21 women who ran their husbands’ or fathers’ printing businesses after they died. Among them was Clementina Rind, who took over as publisher of the Virginia Gazette after she was widowed. Women of different races and classes contributed to the printing trade. For instance, Phillis Wheatley was a black poet and slave who wrote Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral in the year 1773 (Duboi & Dumenil, 2005, in Mayo, 2009). Born in Africa (most likely Senegal), she was kidnapped at the age of eight years and brought to Boston. The white family which brought her gave her their family name as was the custom then, and she was taught English and Christianity, and later on ancient history, mythology and classical literature. She was intelligent, and her masters were a family of culture, so she was allowed to study and write. Her first poem was published in 1767 in the Newport Mercury. A collection of her poems was published in 1773 in London, and what was unusual was the â€Å"attestation† by seventeen men in the volume’s preface that, indeed, the poems were written â€Å"by Phillis, a young Negro Girl†¦a Barbarian from Africa†¦a Slave in a Fam ily† who was â€Å"examined by the best Judges, and is thought qualified to write them† (Lewis, 2007). Phillis Wheatley is acknowledged to be the first black woman poet in American history. The â€Å"attestation† is a clear bias against women, people of color, and of the lower classes (i.e., slaves). The need for such attestation by sixteen men, and the requisite to be examined by â€Å"the best Judges† provides a picture of how women who were in the literary and printing trades were regarded; the obvious presumption about women in their day-to-day life is that they are normally not capable of producing literary and journalistic pieces, and such works by women should be properly certified by white men.

Absenteeism & Motivation Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Absenteeism & Motivation Theories - Essay Example employees are not only required to contribute to their level best in their organizations but also required to show loyalty to the place where they earn from, so in order to get maximum from them and in order to utilize their talents at best, motivation is playing a tough role, so that employees keep on moving in the right dimension, they should think and work for their achievements as well as the organization's achievement and they should not give up in life ever.Keeping in view the growing needs of employees there are so many motivational theories that have taken place in the present day organizations, a lot of employees get motivated using such theories, in this discussion we would be discussing few of these theories that are useful for the employees in the given case, the main concerns would be on Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y, while other useful theory would be Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Both these theories work hand in hand for preventing stress and absenteeism in t he employees of organizations, mostly the stress has been found in financial institutions, yet many other industries have the employee issues. . McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y Theory X The assumption, which says that employees who dislike work are lazy, they dislike responsibility, and they must be coerced to perform well. This should be relatively more discussed in this case because either way the organization should be concerned with taking out work from the employees but it could be so wonderful if employees do not need any such dose and they somehow get shifted to Theory Y. Theory Y The assumption, which says that employees who love their work are creative, they seek responsibility and they can exercise self-direction. The organizations should try to bring their employees under this theory naturally and this is what we would be discussing. Douglas McGregor gave two different views of human beings, the first view is the negative view and is known as theory X, the other view is positive and is known as theory Y, the entire explanation of the theory says that the manager shows his or her behavior according to certain assumptions, the theory X would be the effective one here, as the employees are assumed to be forced to work, the four basic assumptions for theory X are, 1. Employees inherently dislike work and whenever possible, will attempt to avoid it. 2. Since employees dislike work, they must be coerced, controlled, or threatened with, punishment to achieve goals. 3. Employee will avoid responsibilities and seek formal direction whenever possible. 4. Most workers place security above all other factors associated with work and will display little ambition.Now lets have a look at the assumptions of theory Y that is not applicable in this case because of the fact that employees are not hardworking and not devoted to their work. But the organization has to bring them in this category. 1. Employees can view work as being as natural as rest or play. 2. People will exercise self-direction and self-control if they are committed to the objectives. 3. The average person can learn to accept, even seek, responsibility. 4. The ability to make innovative decisions is widely dispersed through out the population and is not necessarily the sole province

What is Important? :: Law College Admissions Essays

What is Important? Â   I sat down today to write an essay which undoubtedly would have followed the same format that you have seen a thousand times before, but after tonight I don't think that would really be appropriate. I am an accomplished student. As an Environmental Resources Engineering student I am trained to think and problem solve. Consistently I am placed in leadership positions by my peers, and I have a reputation for doing work well beyond what is expected. Since my return to school five years ago, my goal has been to be known and respected by my peers solely based on a reputation for producing excellent work. On July 28, 1999 my life changed, but not my goals. I got married to the kindest, most caring woman I've ever known. For the last two and a half years spending time with her has been the single most important extracurricular activity in my life, and today I was reminded of that. Â   After considering attending law school for several months, I made the final decision last August. Since then, it has been at the forefront of my mind. This semester in school has been a very demanding one. I have half a dozen major design projects going on, and have been designated the group leader in three of the four group projects. I like leading the charge in my group design projects. It is especially rewarding when my peers turn to me for leadership and help when I am not officially designated as the leader. It has a very significant side effect though: loss of time. Fortunately, budgeting time is one of my strengths. I am in class 25 hours a week, I operate a small business providing information to a power agency, I direct many efforts within my group design projects, I stay on top of my homework, attend some engineering club activities, and spend time with my wife. With 24 hours in a day, six lost to sleep, and countless others lost to running the household, aided by my wife, this is no small task. Lately it got a little harder. Â   When we were married, my wife left her friends and family in Canada and followed me down to California to an uncertain future. I had just transferred to a California state university. I had no job and only a few thousand dollars saved up from my job at the power agency.

Harm of Texting

Many parents and educators fear that the texting craze may have negative effects on teenagers’ writing skills. Because this is a relatively new area of concern, the few studies that have been done are inclusive. Everyone does, however, realize that text messaging is here to stay. Read the following articles. Summarize each article in at least two paragraphs per article. Then write your own opinion of the role of text messaging. (Everyone can agree that texting while driving is dangerous, so don’t get sidetracked by this point. ) Teens ready to prove text-messaging skills can score SAT pointsMany experts believe that teenage composition is as strong as ever due to the revolution of e-mail, instant-messaging (IM), text messaging and the internet. Many teens communicate on a daily basis using one or more of these methods. As a result, many experts believe that this generation is more proficient with the written word. Al Filreis, director of the Center for Programs in Conte mporary Writing at the University of Pennsylvania, has seen â€Å"the quality of student writing at the high school level go way up, and this is explained by the fact that they do more writing than they ever did. He believes that there's a genuine writing renaissance under way. Overall, this can help improve writing scores on the SAT, since it has undergone the broadest revision in its 80-year history. One of the biggest changes is a 25-minute, two-page essay. Other experts are not so sure about teens' competence in â€Å"real life† English. John Briggs, an English professor at the University of California, Riverside, says that â€Å"Though online reading may be thriving, the amount of reading that students do in preparation for college is sinking. He believes that online writing may cultivate informal use of language but it does not increase kids’ access to formal literature. He says, â€Å"Americans have always been informal, but now the informality of precollege culture is so ubiquitous that many students have no practice in using language in any formal setting at all. † Some experts believe that although bias exists in scoring the SAT essays, that the SAT essay could urge high schools to step up their writing instruction.Teachers admit that there is room for improvement and hope for renewed emphasis or writing programs in high schools. Many experts believe that writing instruction will get stronger. Problems associated with teen texting Millions of preteens and teens (ages 10-18) are taking advantage of the great options, including text messaging and picture messaging, offered with cell phones, PDA’s or Ipods. This generation is sending messages on everything including answers to exam questions and discussion about their secret life.Many parents are concerned that today’s preteens and teenagers are on the cell phones too much, which diminishes their use of proper grammar and the knowledge of sentence structure. Preteens and Teens have created their own language as a form of acronyms over their personal cell phones. Some educators suggest that this new age form of messaging may be hindering today’s teens’ abilities to apply grammar correctly in their writing and social skills. Many parents believe that they should monitor the type of messages that are sent over their cell phones and assist preteens and teens in proper spelling and grammar.However, there are numerous benefits as well as problems with the emergence of text messaging. It has brought a great deal of convenience, quickness, and a new language to our society. It has also created a very common but dangerous problem, texting while driving. The author of this article, Alfred Valenzuela, personally likes text messaging because it has many advantages. Many businesses use text messaging to remind you of appointments or to remind you to pay a bill.But the author, as a concerned parent, is also worried about its effects on preteens ’ and teens’ ability to read and write. My opinion of the role of text messaging I believe that the role of text messaging is meant to help keep society moving at a fast and efficient pace. Teenagers use text messaging as a way to have multiple conversations with people in their lives. It enables you to multi-task as well. Businesses use text messaging all around the world to give out quick information. It does not require them to call each associate one by one.A text message can reach up to 50 people at one time. I play baseball and my coach uses text messaging as a way to communicate with all of the players on the team. This is efficient in keeping the team informed in a timely manner because he does not have access to email all of the time. I think text messaging helps with communication as well. It takes less time and less effort to send a text then to call someone. People are constantly on the go and text messaging allows people to keep up with their business and social lives.Efficiency and consistency creates success. That is why there are constantly new upgrades of phones and other devices that work faster. Many people have very busy lives which make a demand for quicker and more efficient technology to help manage their lifestyles. I believe that the role of text messaging has been abused and used in ways that threaten the lives of people as well. However, overall it has helped society progress and achieves higher levels of success in a short amount of time.

Career Development A Lifelong Process And Developmental...

Many challenges face an individual who is in the process of determining a career path which is intended to help him meet his financial, developmental, social, and personal desires. The individual may be working his way through his grade school years, may be attending a university of higher learning, may be employed in a capacity which does not match his skills or personal values, or he may be unemployed due to termination or disability. Career counselors apply their skills by providing developmental coaching, vocational assessment information, career transition assistance, or employment counseling for those over fifty years of age. Whether someone hails from a cultural minority, is facing gender stereotyping, is the victim of sexual harassment, is a member of the GLBT community, or has a physical or mental disability, there is an ever-growing need for competent career counselors to provide appropriate guidance. Final Paper Career development is a lifelong process and developmental theory describes the process that individuals follow including making continual changes from the point of identification of potential careers to the completion of a chosen career path much later. At each stage during a lengthy career an individual may make multiple changes based upon the choices before him as well as the never-ending pursuit of a career that fulfills his ever-expanding individual career objectives. This theory encompasses adaptation in conjunction with developmentalShow MoreRelatedTheories Providing a Comprehensive and Complimentary Approach to Careers Counsellors Advising Clients.1559 Words   |  7 PagesTheories providing a comprehensive and complimentary approach to careers counsellors advising clients. The three theories I have chosen are Holland’s, ‘Theory of Types’, Supers ‘Life Span Theory ‘and Krumboltz’s Social Learning Theory. These three theories when used in conjunction with each other appear to provide the most comprehensive and complimentary approach for careers counsellors when advising clients. Holland’s Theory of Types is based on the assumption that personality types areRead MoreTheories of Career Development707 Words   |  3 PagesWe are often told career development is a lifelong journey which incorporates managing learning, work, leisure, and transition in order to propel us toward a desired and ever evolving future; in essence it is about change. Often times when we are at a lost for direction in our career development, we reach out to career counselors for instructions in our pursuit. Counselors now understand when assistance is rendered one must consider the economic, cultural, and social background of the individualRead More`` Mean Girls, By Lindsay Lohan Essay1167 Words   |  5 Pagesreal friendship and the fake ego plastic one. From the view of a Developmental Psychologist, there are several key factors and theories strongly influencing Cady and her behaviors during this time in her life. Moral emotions, moral reasoning, forging a sense of identity, and self-esteem are among the few that were chosen to take emphases on. Moral Emotion Moral emotion is classified under Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic Theory along with empathy, prosocial behavior, and antisocial behavior. (Life-SpanRead MoreLiterature On Teacher Professionalism And The Vocational Culture Of Teaching1529 Words   |  7 Pagesin the sense that it is a contradictory phrase explaining both sameness and uniqueness. Many theorists such as Marcia and Erikson have attempted to answer this difficult question but rather define the process and identified the influences as there is not an exact definition for this complex process. The word itself derives from a Latin lexes item which means identical, supporting the fact that people often express who they are through common identities with others. Such as women, men even teachersRead MorePersonal Career Development : Career Goals1531 Words   |  7 PagesAn individual’s career choice is often influenced by a myriad of different motivations and impulses. Prior to this course, I was quite ignorant of the magnitude these characteristics and traits hold over our professional lives. Career development is very much a division or subset of an individual’s personal development. These two aspects of development seem to be inextricably connected, thus attempting to isolate either measure would seem to create a discord in an individual s job or life satisfactionRead MoreThe Major Theories Of Aging And How They Coincide With Education Essay1544 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout this paper I will look at some of the major theories of aging and how they coincide with education as an older person, staring with the life span development model. The life span development theory adopted the constructs of life stage and developmental tasks, both of which can influence not only everyday life, but also a person’s career (Jepsen Dickson, 2003). When we look at how tasks are completed with the life span development theory it shows that tasks are mastered based on age, thisRead MorePsychology Is The Scientific Study Of Psychology1383 Words   |  6 Pagessoul (or mind) and logos which means the study of. Before recognition, psychology was indirectly studied through philosophy and physiology. With psychology underlying many of the theories that philosophers came up with, it is now recognized physically on its own with concrete evidence. Sigmund Freud started his career studying medicine. After starting a private practice with Josef Breuer, he witnessed Breuer using hypnosis in the famous case of Anna O. where the patient seemed to recall experiencesRead MoreTheories and Principles of Learning and Communication Assignment1835 Words   |  8 PagesUnit 4 Theories and Principles of Learning and Communication Assignment â€Å"Learning is the lifelong process of transforming information and experience into knowledge, skills, behaviors, and attitudes.† Jeff Cobb www.missiontolearn.com Learning is something that takes place everyday for most people in some way, shape or form and varies depending on certain circumstances. The principles can be simple or radical depending on opinion, some you may agree with while others you might discount straightRead MorePersonal Development and Lifelong Learning Sector2666 Words   |  11 PagesUnit 5 Continuing Professional and Personal Development In this assignment I will evaluate my own approaches to CPD, weigh up my strengths and developmental needs in relation to literacy, language and numeracy needs. This will be continued to develop my knowledge by using my own reflection and the feedback I have received from others. The outcome will be to establish a plan to identify the opportunities I have and want to take to address my learning needs. During the second part of this assignmentRead MoreCareer Intervention Program For High School Students2131 Words   |  9 PagesCareer Intervention Program As educators it is our responsibility is to offer students the capability to become educated, informed, and active students that are skilled in the many challenges of our society. By providing high school students with a program that encourages college and career readiness this can be accomplished. An overall comprehensive developmental guidance and counseling program for high school students offers developmental opportunities and experiences that address three student-development

Lyndon B Johnson Fast Facts

Lyndon Baines Johnson succeeded to the presidency upon the assassination of John F. Kennedy. He had served as the youngest Democratic Majority Leader in the United States Senate. He was extremely influential in the Senate. During his time in office, major Civil Rights legislation was passed. In addition, the Vietnam War escalated.   Following is a quick list of fast facts for Lyndon B Johnson. For more in-depth information, you can also read the Lyndon B Johnson Biography Birth August 27, 1908 Death January 22, 1973 Term of Office November 22, 1963 - January 20, 1969 Number of Terms Elected 1 Term; Completed Kennedys term of office after his assassination and then was elected again in 1964 First Lady Claudia Alta Lady Bird Taylor - While serving as First Lady, she advocated beautifying Americas highways and cities.   Chart of the First Ladies Lyndon B Johnson Quote Just like the Alamo, somebody damn well needed to go to their aid. Well, by God, Im going to Vietnams aid. Major Events While in Office Vietnam Conflict Continues (1963 - 1969)Civil Rights Act (1964)Twenty-Fourth Amendment ratified outlawing the poll tax (1964)Medicare and Medicaid (1965)Twenty-Fifth Amendment ratified concerning the order of succession for the presidency (1967)Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. assassinated (1968)Robert Kennedy assassinated (1968)Pueblo Incident (1968) Related Lyndon B Johnson Resources These additional resources on Lyndon B Johnson can provide you with further information about the president and his times. Essentials of the Vietnam War. Vietnam was a war that brought great pain to many Americans. Some would consider it to be an unnecessary war. Discover its history and understand why it is an integral part of American History. A war that was fought at home as well as abroad; in Washington, Chicago, Berkeley and Ohio, as well as Saigon.Chart of Presidents and Vice Presidents. This informative chart gives quick reference information on the presidents, vice-presidents, their terms of office, and their political parties.

The Invention Of The Automobile Industry - 1832 Words

Introduction The Machine that changed the world published in 1990 is an example of unity of purpose which created an alternate epistemology of the automobile industry for the discerning audience. It is a tightly knit teamwork of three senior managers of the IMVP led by Jim Womack, Daniel T. Jones Daniel Ross and a collective endeavor of several associates and advisors. The book offers a panorama of key concerns in automotive industry based on a research, which took place over a period of five years at a cost of $5 million dollars at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It was the fecundity of imagination and the need for reformation in the automobile industry that gave birth to the International Motor Vehicle Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology .The research, kicked off with industry- government-academia participation and, with funds coming in equal amounts from North America, Western Europe and Japan along with a commitment from industry partners to provide extensive access to motor-vehicle companies. The cameo portrait of the automobile industry is a keener revelation which focuses on smooth transition of industry of industries from mass production to the concretized lean foundation. The automobile industry is the world’s colossal manufacturing exercise, each year producing millions of vehicles. The author’s singled out and embraced automobile industry in this management classic for two reasons a) the automobile industry which is the largestShow MoreRelatedThe Invention Of The Automobile Industry Essay1150 Words   |  5 Pagesdefinitely the biggest invention on history changing the way humans transport. In the past, there were no vehicles and therefore people used to walk while only the few lucky had the privilege of enjoying a horse ride. There were also horse wagons which were made in order to increase the number of persons who could be carried (Lynn, 54). However, in the year 1907, Henry Ford invented the first car model which was referred to as T model, that a llowed everyone to own a automobile. In this paper I willRead MoreThe Invention Of The Automobile Industry1622 Words   |  7 PagesThere is a well known proverb that applies to many industries that goes â€Å"Necessity is the mother of all invention,† but, when it comes to the automobile industry it’s hard to say necessity was the main driving force, as opposed to, say, money. The mechanics of an automobile, and most other power-based machines, revolve around the invention of the internal combustion engine in the early 1860’s and it’s later commercialized application; at first it was more of a luxury item but soon after investorsRead MoreThe Invention Of The Automobile Industry1450 Words   |  6 PagesBackground: One of the most innovative inventions of the 19th century was the invention of the automobile. It is clear that the automobile industry has changed the way people and goods travel. The industry basely existed until a man named Henry Ford made the automobile accessible to the public. He put into full motion what we now know today as the automobile industry. Henry Ford had both changed the automobile industry, as well as the manufacturing industry. Ford did this with the way he used theRead MoreThe Invention Of The Automobile Industry1302 Words   |  6 PagesThe automobile industry is said to have its beginnings dating to the 19th century. Gottieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach, of Germany, fitted their engine into a stagecoach in 1886 (Kindersley, 2011, 10). They were both successful at creating the first four-wheeled, gas-engine vehicle. It reached a top speed of ten miles per hour. Each engine was still being fitted into stagecoaches (Kindersley, 2011, 10). The industrial revolution introduced a wide array of new ideas for the automobile. The ideas rangedRead MoreThe Invention Of The Automobile Industry1429 Words   |  6 PagesBefore we begin, let us first look at the history of the automobile to better understand the industry’s roots and its growth. Technological innovations have driven the automobile industry since the very first car was ever created. Utilizing the steam engine, Nicolas Joseph Cugnot was able to create the first vehicle capable of human transportation. Only 40 years later, Francois Isaac de Rivaz engineered an automobile that was powered by an internal combustion engine, using hydrogen as its fuel sourceRead MoreThe Invention Of The Automobile Industry915 Words   |  4 Pages(US) with the automobile. It has often been pictured in media as a staple of the middle class life, a sign of prosperity, and a symbol of freedom. The birth of the worldwide auto industry happened in the US. Cars in some form or another had already existed around the world but they were labor intensive to produce and without a supply the market considered them more of an interesting novelty than a must have product. Henry Ford revolutionized the nascent automobile industry with the developmentRead MoreThe Invention Of The Automobile1051 Words   |  5 PagesThe Invention of the Automobile, A Turning Point in History One could argue that one of the best inventions of the 1900’s was the Model T Ford or Tin Lizzie. The invention of the automobile has certainly left an indelible mark on the American Society. Consequently, the automobile has become the center of an extraordinary industry with the assembly lines and mass production techniques. These elements have essentially revolutionized the automobile industry. The Model T Ford made car travel affordableRead MoreThe Automobile Industry Influenced The American Economy1012 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1769, the first automobile, a steam-powered carriage that would carry up to four people at two miles per hour, was created. Years pass as gasoline engines, wheels, and a steering device were added to the automobile, which began to make it useful but expensive (â€Å"The Invention of Automobiles†). They were hand-crafted at this time, therefore making it unaffordable. Until Henry Ford introduced the assembly line in 1913, automobiles remained expensive. His discovery of the assembly line turned theRead MoreInvention of the Combustion Engine1570 Words   |  7 Pagesinventors and engineers developed a practical, effective internal combustion engine that greatly affected the world. This paper will give opposing views on the background and analyze the effects it had on transportation and the environment. The invention of the internal combustion engine sprouted from the work of several engineers and inventors across Europe and into America. First, in 1859, Jean-Joseph Etienne Lenoir developed the first practical internal combustion engine which after many modificationsRead MoreThe Invention Of Automobiles : A Turning Point For Life852 Words   |  4 Pageswake up and go through his or her daily routines: showering, eating breakfast, and getting ready to go to work or school. Then they go outside or into the garage and get in their vehicle, one of the best inventions man has created. With a car almost anything is possible. The invention of automobiles was a turning point for life in America. Cars gave us the possibility of a brighter future by offering us quicker travels, relief of harsh elements, and the expansion of economic potential. Hundreds of